linux – Stop external hard drive from overwriting UEFI records

When I tried booting a 2.5inch hdd with multiple OSes bootstrapped onto it through a sata to usb adapter, the boot record the existing Arch Linux installation on my system (MSI Modern 14 C7M) was wiped.

External HDD:

100Mi shared EFI partition between arch linux and windows boot manager
250Gi Windows 11 instance 1
500Gi Windows 11 instance 2 181Gi Arch linux instance

Internal SSD: 512Mi EFI system partition 472Gi Arch linux instance

It seems that instead of recognising the external HDD as a usb drive like through other sata adapters, this one reports it to the system that it is a hard drive. After an initial reboot, it also seemed that the boot record for Arch Linux instance on the external HDD was wiped, and the system would only boot to windows boot manager. How do I stop the external HDD from overwriting my internal SSD’s boot records?