IoT based Smart Irrigation System for Sustainable Agriculture

Water scarcity is real, and the methods used to irrigate farms are not very effective in Fiji which disrupts both farming productivity and the ability to maintain the sector. This paper outlines the creation and putting into practice of a Smart IoT Irrigation System at a prototype scale which saves time and energy by managing watering automatically. Proposed here is a system that links soil moisture sensors, temperature and humidity sensors, water flow sensors, solenoid valves and water pumps, controlled by a simple microcontroller. The system is designed to regularly monitor the environment and soil, which helps fine-tune irrigation to save water and protect crops during stressful periods. Each crop such as ginger, turmeric, eggplant, chili and okra, is given water according to a protocol made for its needs. Modern industrial agricultural automation relies on remote connections and automation which is made possible through both mobile and web services. This paper supports progress in using renewable resources and highlights how intelligent automation with IoT is useful for rural development.