virtualbox – Is it possible to set up a Raspberry Pi image in a virtual machine on a desktop, and then image it onto a microSD for the RPi?

When trying to install packages directly on a Raspberry Pi, it is slow and sometimes it hangs indefinitely. I was wondering if there was a way to do this on a more powerful PC instead through a virtual machine and then image the .iso file onto a microSD card to be used on the Raspberry Pi.

Would there be compatibility issues when transferring such an .iso file to the Raspberry Pi?

I’ve tried to do this using an existing Raspberry Pi image from Ubiquity Robotics:
learn.ubiquityrobotics.com/noetic_pi_image_downloads

After creating a VM on VirtualBox, selecting the downloaded image as the .iso file, and running the VM, I get the message:

No bootable medium found! Please insert a bootable medium and reboot.