visual studio – System.NotSupportedException: ‘Unable to find Invoker for type ‘Microsoft.Maui.MauiApplication’. Was it linked away?’ MAUI

After updating .NET MAUI project from .NET 8 to .NET 9, when I try to build and deploy Android app in Emulator, build process shows “Deployed” and then as soon as splash screen appears, I get this error

System.NotSupportedException: Unable to find Invoker for type ‘Microsoft.Maui.MauiApplication’. Was it linked away?

Here is a screenshot of the error:

This is what I have tried until now, but no luck

Clean project and then re-build
Delete obj/bin project and then re-build
Updated Nuget packages
Checked that I have properly installed .NET 9 SDK, Android Emulator with api 35
Updated AndroidManifest.xml

How to resolve this error?